Publications » Brochures, booklets or fact-sheets » Steel and the circular economy
Steel and the circular economy
Downloads and links
Recent updates
Shaping the circular economy is an ongoing challenge. Achieving this objective is not possible without steel. The European Commission is expected to publish a package with proposals on the Circular Economy towards the end of 2015. This package will explain how the EU intends to deal with the need to transform Europe into a more competitive resource-efficient economy, addressing a range of issues, including reuse, recycling, and waste treatment.
Steel is a 100% recyclable, ‘permanent’ material, which loses none of its unique properties when properly processed. The European steel industry works hard to ensure that the steel it produces can be reused, recovered, and recycled. It also ensures that steel production’s by-products, such as slags and process, gases are put to the best possible uses.
The brochure provides recommendations to policy makers dealing with issues arising in the circular economy for the steel industry. It shows that steel can help mitigate CO2 emissions and help reduce product lifecycle emissions. Steel’s characteristic as a ‘permanent’ material means it can be easily reused and subsequently recycled in a constant loop.
To this end, the brochure proposes that the recycling definition in the EU’s waste legislation be adapted to properly meet the aspirations of the circular economy. Finally, it demonstrates the large degree to which steel production retains as much of the material created during steel production and is able to make use of its by-products.
As part of its commitment to underpinning the circular economy, the steel industry is constantly working on cleaner, resource-efficient solutions – as well as on an ever-expanding range of steel grades – ensuring that the average 170 million tonnes of steel it produces every year are ever more sustainable, useful and environmentally friendly.
Download this publication or visit associated links
Brussels, 1 October 2026 - The European Steel Association (EUROFER) has elected Geert Van Poelvoorde, Chairman of the Board of ArcelorMittal Europe Steel, as its new President. Taking office today, Mr Van Poelvoorde said stronger home markets across the steel value chain, secure access to export markets and a strong industrial base will be essential to delivering on the European Union’s ambitions for global competitiveness and strategic autonomy.
Brussels, 1 October 2026 - Europe’s steel market remains under significant pressure, with exports falling sharply, production at historic lows and demand expected to remain almost flat in 2026, according to the European Steel Association’s (EUROFER) latest Economic and Steel Market Outlook 2026-2027. EU steel exports to third countries fell by 20% in the first half of 2026, with declines across all major export destinations covered by the report. At the same time, crude steel production continued to falter, after reaching a historic low of 125.8 million tonnes in 2025, while apparent steel consumption is forecast to grow by just 0.1% in 2026, before increasing by 2.3% in 2027.
Ship recycling